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Gingivitis

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  3. Gingivitis

Overview of Gingivitis

Gingivitis Meaning in Urdu

مسوڑھوں کی سوزش ایک عام اور معمولی بیماری ہے جس کی وجہ سے بے چینی اور مسوڑھوں کی سرخی کا سامنا کرنا پڑتا ہے۔ اس بیماری کی وجہ سے مسوڑھوں کا نچلا حصہ سوزش کا شکار ہو جاتا ہے۔ بہت سارے  لوگ مسوڑھوں کی سوزش کی طرف توجہ نہیں دیتے جس سے یہ بیماری شدت اختیار کر جاتی ہے، اس لیے اس کنٹرول کرنا قدرے مشکل ثابت ہو سکتا ہے۔ ان مسائل سے بچنے کے لیے اس کے فوری علاج کا مشورہ دیا جاتا ہے۔ مسوڑھوں کی سوزش کی بنیادی وجہ پلیک ہے جس میں بیکٹیریا موجود ہوتے ہیں جو مسوڑھوں کو نقصان پہنچاتے ہیں۔

Gingivitis (مَسُوڑھوں کی سوزِش/Masooron Ki Soozish) is an oral disease in which gums are inflamed. This occurs due to plaque formation on the surface of teeth that are further converted to calculus/tartar. The gums started to bleed. Prompt treatment of gingivitis is required because it can lead to serious problems such as periodontitis and even tooth loss.
Poor dental hygiene is the major contributing factor to gingivitis. Improper cleaning facilitates plaque buildup on the teeth that results in inflammation of the nearby gum tissues.

Occurrence of Gingivitis

Gingivitis is among the world's most common health problems. It is most common in children, teenagers, and older adults. However, anyone with teeth can get cavities, including infants due to improper cleaning.

Signs and Symptoms of Gingivitis

Some common signs and symptoms of gingivitis may include:

  • Swollen or puffy gums
  • Dusky red or dark red gums
  • Gums that bleed easily when you brush or floss
  • Bad breath
  • Receding gums
  • Tender gums

Types of Gingivitis

Causes of Gingivitis

Poor dental hygiene is the major contributing factor to gingivitis. Improper cleaning facilitates plaque buildup on the teeth that results in inflammation of the nearby gum tissues.

  • Plaque Formation: Plaque is a sticky film that coats the teeth. It develops as a result of sugars and starches broken down by the mouth bacteria. Improper cleaning of teeth can result in plaque formation. Due to bacterial feeding plaque is hardened and converted into tartar or calculus.
  • Gingiva Inflammation (Gingivitis): The bacteria and acid irritate the gingiva and result in swelling and irritation. If not treated properly, gingivitis can lead to periodontal diseases.
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Risk Factors of Gingivitis

There are some factors that increase the risks of gingivitis, such as:

  • Poor dental care
  • Prolonged Smoking
  • Older age
  • Dry mouth
  • Poor nutrition, especially vitamin C deficiency
  • Improper dental restorations
  • Cleaning problems due to crooked teeth
  • Diseases that impaired the immune system, including leukemia, HIV/AIDS, or cancer therapy
  • Fluctuations in hormones especially during pregnancy, menstruation, or intake of oral contraceptive
  • Genetics
  • Certain viral and fungal infections

Health-Related Complications of Gingivitis

Untreated gingivitis can cause gum-related complications such as periodontitis-a serious oral disease in which tissues surrounding teeth and bones can be affected.

Chronic gingival inflammation can lead to complications, such as:

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Prevention

You can avoid gingivitis and tooth decay by practising good dental hygiene. You can prevent cavities by following tips:

  • Brush your teeth properly after eating and drinking. Use toothpaste that consists of a certain amount of fluoride.
  • Try to floss regularly and rinse your mouth with a fluoride-containing mouthwash.
  • Visit your dentist for regular examination and professional cleaning.

Avoid eating and drinking beverages that help bacteria to create plaque.

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Diagnosis

Gingivitis is diagnosed by the following approaches such as:

  • Physical Examination: During the physical examination, the dentist inquires about toothache and sensitivity. The dentist physically examines the mouth and teeth to check for plaque and inflammation. Soft areas in the mouth are checked by dental instruments.
  • Imaging Tests: Imaging tests such as X-rays are performed, if the dentist suspected bone loss in deep pockets.

Treatment of Gingivitis | When to Consult a Doctor

With Prompt treatment, gingivitis can be overcome and it also prevents gum-related complications. Chances of quicker treatment are increased if you practice proper oral hygiene and quit smoking. Some treatment approaches include:

  • Professional Dental Cleaning: Regular visits to a certified dentist can be helpful in the treatment of gingivitis. The dentist performs scaling and root planing. Scaling eradicates the calculus and plaque from the tooth surface and below the gums. Planning helps in healing by removing the calculus and smoothing the root surfaces.
  • Dental Restoration: Teeth are restored if required because improperly fitted teeth can cause discomfort and hinder the cleaning process.
  • Ongoing Care: Future gingivitis can be avoided by regular professional cleaning and good oral hygiene.

If you experience severe bleeding or mouth pain, consult the dentist as soon as possible.

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