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Sports Injury

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  3. Sports Injury

Overview of Sports Injury

Sports Injury Meaning in Urdu

کھیلوں کے دوران لگنے والی چوٹ کو اسپورٹس انجری کہا جاتا ہے۔ کسی بھی کھیل کے دوران چوٹ لگنے کے خطرات موجود ہوتے ہیں۔ کھیلوں کے دوران لگنے والی چوٹ زیادہ تر ہڈیوں اور جوڑوں کو متاثر کرتی ہے۔ کئی لوگوں کو پاؤں کی موچ کا بھی سامنا کرنا پڑتا ہے۔ بڑوں کی نسبت بچوں کو چوٹ لگنے کے خطرات زیادہ ہوتے ہیں۔ ہر سال تقریباً چونتیس لاکھ بچوں کو کھیلوں کے دوران چوٹ لگتی ہے۔ اکثر اوقات یہ چوٹ معمولی ہوتی ہے، لیکن کئی لوگوں کو شدید چوٹ بھی لگتی ہے جس سے ہڈیوں کو نقصان پہنچتا ہے۔

Sports injuries, also known as (Khelon ki chot/چوٹ یک یلوںکھ ) is defined as an injury that affects the ongoing sports activity. Children suffer more sports injuries than adults do. People can get it by trauma or overuse of muscles, tendons, joints, or ligaments during exercise or sports such as Rugby, Football, basketball etc. 

You can be at risk if you are:

  • Not staying physically active
  • Skipping warm-up before intense physical activities
  • Interested in playing contact sports

Prevalence of Sports Injury: 

As you know, Sports injuries are considered one of the more common injuries that highly affect teens and children than other age groups. Each year, about more than 3.4 million children and teens are injured due to organized sports or physical activities. Of which, one-third of the population consists of children affected by such injuries.

Typically, sprains and strains are more likely to cause injuries in children. People who are playing contact sports, like football and basketball, account for more injuries than noncontact sports, like swimming and running.

About 42% of people tend to suffer from lower-body injuries. The upper extremities bear almost 30.3%  of injuries while 16.4% are affected by combined head and neck injuries.

Signs and Symptoms of Sports Injury

Types of Sports Injury

Different sports injuries exhibit different symptoms and complications, depending upon the affected area. Among them, the most general types of sports injuries are given below:

  • Sprains:  Ligaments are the tissue that connects two bones in a joint. Overstretching or tearing of the ligaments can cause a sprain.
  • Strains:  STrain is caused by overstretching or tearing of muscles or tendons causing a sprain. Tendons are thick, fibrous threads of tissue that link bone to muscle. 
  • Knee Injuries:  Any injury that affects the knee joint and makes it difficult to move is a knee injury. It depends on to what extent your knee is affected.
  • Swollen Muscles: Swollen muscles can be painful and occur naturally when any external object hits the area of the body. 
  • Achilles Tendon Rupture: The Achilles tendon is a strong tendon present at the back of the ankle. When a person is playing sports vigorously, the tendon may rupture during running and result in severe injury.
  • Fractures: The breaking of bones due to a sports injury or accident is known as a fracture.
  • Dislocations: The bone may get dislocated during any sports accident. Dislocated bones mean a bone comes out of its socket by the pressure of external objects. This may cause severe pain, swelling, and weakness.
  • Rotator Cuff Injury: The rotator cuff forms by joining four muscle fragments. The rotator cuff keeps the shoulder movable in all directions. If any break or tear in one of the four muscles can weaken the rotator cuff.

Causes of Sports Injury

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Risk Factors of Sports Injury

Certain factors may increase the risk of sports injuries.

  • Childhood: Children are active, and energetic and have much tendency for roaming around and often are unaware of the limitations of physical activity. That's why they come under severe sports injury zones.
  • Age: Older people are more sensitive toward an injury. As people become older also increase the previous injuries that have happened to them.
  • Lack of Care: Sometimes, your smaller injuries can turn into bigger ones due to negligence. Thus, there is a dire need for proper care while doing any sports activity. 
  • Being Overweight:  Obesity may put extra stress on joints, including your hips, knees, and ankles. The pressure is aggravated with continuous exercise or sports. This may increase the risk of sports injury.
  • Temperature: External temperature can significantly impact your risk of sports injury. Low environmental temperature makes you more susceptible to sports injuries. 
  • Gaming Strategies: Gaming strategies are different for every game. Not following the right strategy can definitely be a reason for your sports injury. Thus, personal skills and knowledge about the right gaming strategy are quite important. 
  • Protective Gear: No matter what sport you are playing, wearing your protective gear is essentially important. Not choosing the right protective gear for sports activity can significantly increase your risk of suffering from a sports injury.

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Prevention

You can minimize the risk of sports injuries in the following ways:

  • Warm-up your body gently helps to relieve the slow and sustained stretches. 
  • Wear suitable footwear.
  • Tape or wrap the exposed parts of joints, if necessary.
  • Use the appropriate safety equipment during sports, such as mouth guards, helmets, and pads.
  • Drink a large number of fluids before, during, and after physical activities.
  • Avoid practicing any physical activity in the hottest part of the day, between 11 am and 3 pm.
  • Keep yourself fit in both on and off seasons of sports.
  • Give training to others to prevent weakening muscles and joints.
  • Don’t put extra stress on yourselves. Increase the frequency and duration of training gradually.
  • Stretching after intense physical activity.
  • Give adequate recovery time between sessions.
  • Take regular medical follow-ups.
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Diagnosis

An orthopedic doctor or general physician will first do a physical examination of the patients and this brief inquiry will be followed by some imaging studies that include:

  • X-rays: It is used to check the cracking or fractures at the affected point.
  • MRI (magnetic resonance imaging), Computerized Tomography (CT scan), or ultrasound:  All these techniques are more detailed than an X-ray. An MRI scan can easily reveal the small or thin cracks in the joints that X-ray can't detect.

If you don’t get your injury diagnosed on time, it may cause long-term damage. After a complete investigation, if a doctor suspects sprain and strains, the RICE treatment might highly be recommended.

Treatment of Sports Injury | When to Consult a Doctor

  1. RICE Treatment:

People experiencing sports injuries are using the first aid technique known as RICE, for its proper healing treatment.  RICE stands for:

  • Rest: Do not move the affected joint and do rest as much as the person can. It will help to heal the joint from time to time.
  • Ice: By using ice packs on the damaged joints make lessen the swelling and inflammation. Do not use ice directly on the skin, but always make a bag of ice. Put the ice bag on the affected area for 20 minutes and repeat it every 24 to 48 hours.
  • Compression:  Compress the affected joints through the trainer's tape or bandage to reduce swelling.  Do not wrap it tightly because it can reduce the blood supply.
  • Elevation: It helps to reduce if a person having any sports injury tries to keep the affected joint elevated above the level of the heart, especially in knee or ankle injury. If it is difficult to do it as high as the heart level then it must be at least parallel to the ground. 

This RICE technique is applied for the first 24 to 48 hours after the injury; it keeps the person more comfortable and lessens the signs and symptoms.

If the external injury is chronic then a doctor may recommend the surgery to the patient. It is required to repair damaged or torn ligaments, tendons, or muscles. 

  1. Rehabilitation Programs for Sports Injuries:

A rehabilitation program has been conducted for sports injuries that meet the requirements of the individual patient, depending on the type and intensity of the injury. This program becomes successful if they get active participation from the patient and family.

The main aim of the rehabilitation session is to enable patients to be physically, emotionally, and socially independent.

In order to achieve these goals, sports injury rehabilitation programs may teach the following:

  • Activity limitations
  • Physical sports injury therapy
  • Exercise sessions for stretching and strengthening the region
  • Training exercises for the prevention of further injury
  • Heat or cold applications and whirlpool treatments
  • Applications of braces, splints, or casts to stabilize the area
  • Use of crutches or wheelchairs
  • Pain management techniques
  • Patient and family education

In case you exhibit any concerning signs and symptoms of sports injury, consult a medical professional as soon as possible.

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